Advanced Placement (AP) English Language and Composition Practice Exam

Which term in the classical oration refers to the final part of the argument?

1. Narration

2. Refutation

3. Conclusion

4. Introduction

The correct answer is: Conclusion

The term that refers to the final part of the argument in the classical oration is the conclusion. This section serves as the culmination of the argument, where the speaker or writer summarizes the main points presented and reinforces the thesis. The conclusion is essential for leaving a lasting impression on the audience and urging them toward a specific action or belief, thus sealing the effectiveness of the argument. While the other parts—narration, refutation, and introduction—play significant roles in shaping the argument, they do not represent the finality of the argument itself. The narration lays out the background information and context, the refutation addresses counterarguments to strengthen the main position, and the introduction sets the stage for the discussion. In contrast, the conclusion distills the argument into its essence and invites the audience to reflect on the importance of the presented ideas.