Advanced Placement (AP) English Language and Composition Practice Exam

Which of the following is an example of qualitative evidence?

1. Survey results showing numerical trends

2. Photographic documentation of an event

3. Statistical analysis of empirical data

4. Graphs illustrating behavioral patterns

The correct answer is: Photographic documentation of an event

The correct answer is the photographic documentation of an event, as this represents qualitative evidence because it provides descriptive information and insights into a particular situation, experience, or phenomenon. Unlike quantitative evidence, which focuses on numerical data and statistical analysis, qualitative evidence emphasizes understanding the qualities, characteristics, and context of the subject being studied. Photographs can convey emotions, settings, and subtleties that numbers cannot capture, making them a powerful form of qualitative data. The other options are more focused on numerical or statistical representations. Survey results typically reflect quantitative analyses, revealing trends through measurable data. Statistical analysis of empirical data also relies on numbers and mathematical interpretations. Graphs illustrating behavioral patterns depict trends and changes through visual data representations, further emphasizing quantitative approaches.