Advanced Placement (AP) English Language and Composition Practice Exam

Which of the following best describes syntax?

1. The meaning of the words

2. The arrangement of words in sentences

3. The emotional response of the reader

4. The choice of a speaker’s language

The correct answer is: The arrangement of words in sentences

The correct choice captures the essence of syntax as it specifically refers to how words are organized within sentences. This arrangement influences the clarity, impact, and meaning of the text. For instance, different syntactical structures can convey varying levels of complexity, urgency, or style in writing. By analyzing syntax, one can see how authors manipulate sentence length and structure to achieve specific effects, such as suspense or emphasis. The other choices relate to different aspects of language or communication. The meaning of words is associated with semantics, which is separate from syntax. The emotional response of the reader pertains to the overall impact and tone of a piece rather than the specific arrangement of words. Lastly, the choice of a speaker’s language aligns more closely with diction, focusing on word choice rather than sentence structure. Each of these aspects plays a role in writing, but they do not define syntax as accurately as the concept of word arrangement does.