Advanced Placement (AP) English Language and Composition Practice Exam

Which of the following best describes a paradox?

1. A logical statement that is always true

2. A seemingly contradictory statement that contains an underlying truth

3. A phrase that perfectly describes a character

4. A common expression used in everyday language

The correct answer is: A seemingly contradictory statement that contains an underlying truth

A paradox is best described as a seemingly contradictory statement that contains an underlying truth. This concept is key in both literature and rhetoric, where a paradox often highlights the complexity and nuances of human experience or thought. For example, statements like "less is more" or "the only constant is change" appear contradictory at first glance, but upon reflection, they reveal deeper meanings and insights. Understanding a paradox is essential for critical thinking and analysis, as it requires readers to look beyond the surface and engage with the subtleties of language and ideas. The richness of a paradox lies in its ability to challenge perceptions and provoke deeper analysis, making it a powerful tool in both writing and communication. In contrast, the other options provided do not capture the essence of a paradox. A logical statement that is always true refers to a tautology, which is a distinct concept. A phrase that perfectly describes a character is more about characterization than paradox. A common expression used in everyday language tends to be straightforward and lacks the complexity and depth characteristic of a paradox.