Advanced Placement (AP) English Language and Composition Practice Exam

What is zeugma?

1. The repetition of words for effect

2. The use of unrelated subjects in parallel clauses

3. The use of one word in a grammatically similar way to produce different meanings

4. The combination of multiple subjects in one verb

The correct answer is: The use of one word in a grammatically similar way to produce different meanings

Zeugma is a rhetorical device where a single word, typically a verb or an adjective, is used in relation to two or more nouns, but in a way that produces different meanings or nuances. This technique can create a more vivid or interesting expression by linking ideas that might not typically be associated, thereby showcasing the versatility of the word in question. For example, in the phrase "She broke his car and his heart," the verb "broke" applies to both "car" and "heart," but it carries different implications in each context. The effectiveness of zeugma lies in its ability to create a layered meaning and to engage the reader by prompting them to consider how the connections between ideas alter their understanding. The other options represent different literary techniques or concepts that do not fit the definition of zeugma. For instance, the first option refers to anaphora, a device involving repetition, while the second option hints at parallelism but does not capture the essence of zeugma. The last option suggests a compound subject construction but does not align with zeugma's specific focus on the interaction of a single verb or adjective with multiple objects.