Advanced Placement (AP) English Language and Composition Practice Exam

What is a periodic sentence?

1. A sentence with no clauses

2. A sentence that includes multiple subjects

3. A sentence whose main clause is withheld until the end

4. A sentence that restates the main idea at the beginning

The correct answer is: A sentence whose main clause is withheld until the end

A periodic sentence is characterized by the structure where the main clause is positioned at the end, creating suspense and emphasizing the concluding statement. This style often involves the use of additional phrases or subordinate clauses leading up to the main idea, which can enhance the overall impact of the sentence. For example, in a periodic sentence, one might first present descriptive details or subordinate ideas before finally revealing the central thought: "Despite the rain pouring down and the wind howling around us, we decided to continue our hike." Here, the buildup of details adds tension, and the main point is held until the end, making the conclusion more striking. The other options do not accurately describe a periodic sentence. A sentence with no clauses lacks the necessary structure to be classified as a periodic sentence. A sentence that includes multiple subjects refers to the grammatical structure concerning subjects rather than the positioning of the main clause. A sentence that restates the main idea at the beginning describes a loose or cumulative sentence instead, which contrasts with the nature of a periodic sentence.