Advanced Placement (AP) English Language and Composition Practice Exam

What is a hasty generalization?

1. A conclusion based on abundant evidence

2. A conclusion reached with insufficient evidence

3. A careful consideration of different perspectives

4. An analytical approach to summarize results

The correct answer is: A conclusion reached with insufficient evidence

A hasty generalization is defined as a conclusion reached with insufficient evidence. This logical fallacy occurs when someone makes a broad assumption based on a limited set of data or examples. For instance, if someone concludes that all dogs are aggressive because they were bitten by one dog, they are making a hasty generalization based on just one experience rather than considering the vast diversity and behavior of all dogs. The other options describe processes or conclusions that involve thorough evidence or careful analysis. For example, a conclusion based on abundant evidence indicates a well-supported argument, while a careful consideration of different perspectives suggests an open-minded analysis. An analytical approach to summarize results also implies a systematic examination of data, which contrasts sharply with the impulsive nature of a hasty generalization. Thus, option B accurately captures the essence of this cognitive error.