Advanced Placement (AP) English Language and Composition Practice Exam

What does providing quantitative evidence help establish in an argument?

1. Emotional connections with the audience

2. Validity and reliability of claims

3. A personal perspective on the subject

4. A summary of general information

The correct answer is: Validity and reliability of claims

Providing quantitative evidence plays a crucial role in establishing the validity and reliability of claims within an argument. Quantitative evidence includes statistics, numerical data, and measurable facts that can be objectively verified. By using this type of evidence, a writer can substantiate their claims with solid proof, enhancing the credibility of the argument. This helps the audience understand the significance of the argument and supports the author's assertions with tangible, data-driven insights. Quantitative evidence can demonstrate patterns, trends, or relationships within the data that reinforce the overall argument, allowing the audience to see the basis for the claims being made. This evidence contrasts with emotional appeals, personal anecdotes, or generalizations that may lack the same level of rigor or persuasive power. Consequently, when an argument includes quantitative evidence, it enhances its logical structure and increases the likelihood that the audience will find it convincing.