Advanced Placement (AP) English Language and Composition Practice Exam

The term "syntax" in literary terms refers specifically to the arrangement of words into sentences. This encompasses how phrases and clauses are organized to create meaning, establish rhythm, and affect the overall tone of a piece. Through variations in syntax, an author can convey different nuances, such as urgency, relaxation, complexity, or simplicity.

Understanding syntax is crucial because it impacts how readers perceive and interpret a text. For instance, short, choppy sentences can create a sense of tension, while longer, more flowing sentences can enhance lyrical or descriptive qualities. Furthermore, changes in syntax can reflect shifts in character mood or perspective within a narrative, providing deeper insights into the text.

In contrast, the other options center around different aspects of literary analysis. The emotional state conveyed relates more to tone and mood, literary devices focus on tools used for effect, and narrative structure addresses the organization of the plot rather than the specific arrangement of words within sentences. Therefore, the best definition of "syntax" aligns with the arrangement of words into sentences, highlighting its foundational role in constructing written language.