Advanced Placement (AP) English Language and Composition Practice Exam

Which statement best describes a cumulative sentence?

1. A sentence whose main idea is presented at the end

2. A sentence that lacks clarity

3. A sentence that starts with the main idea and builds upon it

4. A sentence with abrupt endings

The correct answer is: A sentence that starts with the main idea and builds upon it

A cumulative sentence is defined by its structure, which begins with a main idea or independent clause, followed by additional details that elaborate on that idea. This technique allows the writer to introduce the main point first and then expand on it, adding layers of information, descriptions, or examples in a way that enriches the reader's understanding. In contrast, a sentence whose main idea is presented at the end would typically be more aligned with a periodic sentence rather than cumulative. Options that imply lack of clarity or abrupt endings don't align with the cumulative style, which aims to provide clarity through elaboration instead. Therefore, the correct statement accurately captures the essence of cumulative sentences by highlighting their focus on starting with a central thought and developing it further.